Medications Available for Asthma Management
Once a patient is diagnosed with asthma, it is important to have an asthma management plan. Without an asthma management plan, it is more likely that a patient will have asthma symptoms, and potentially have an asthma attack. A plan may include instructions and one or more of the following:
Preventative Maintenance Medication:
These medications are taken daily to achieve and maintain control of persistent asthma. It is essential patients take these as prescribed even when they do not have symptoms.
- Inhaled Corticosteroids(ICS) reduce inflammation in the lungs. These are common and considered the most effective for long-term control and management of asthma.
- Long-Acting Beta-Agonist(bronchodilators), also known as LABAs, help to relax the smooth muscles around the airways.
Quick Relief Medication:
Reliever inhalers are used to provide quick relief. when the patient experiences cough, wheezing, shortness of air, or chest tightness.
- Short-Acting Beta-Agonist(bronchodilators), also known as reliever inhalers, these help with acute airway distress.
Medical Supplies:
- Spacers help deliver more of the medication into the lower airways verses into the mouth and throat. Metered-dose inhalers should be used with a spacer.
- Nebulizer is another device that helps deliver medication when an inhaler may not be an option. A mask should be used for young children and on patients with special needs.
Additional Treatments:
- Oral steroids are strong anti-inflammatory medications used for more severe asthma and chronic/recurrent sinusitis.
- Immunotherapy, or allergy shots, builds up a patient’s tolerance to an allergen that may be triggering allergic and/or asthmatic symptoms. This treatment may be recommended for patients with allergic asthma and can reduce and suppress allergy symptoms.
- Biologics are for patients not well controlled with other medications and inhaler combinations or with severe chronic urticaria (hives). The main types of biologics currently being used are:
- Xolair (omalizumab)
- Nucala (mepolizumab)
- Dupixent (dupilumab)
- Fasenra (benralizumab)